Candide
is the story of the failures of Optimism (the philosophy, not the
attitude). It is the detailing of one character’s miseries after another
to demonstrate the invalidity of the claim that everything is for the
best, and that this world is the best of all possible worlds. In the
end, the posse of main characters happen upon a Turk farmer who is
unlike all the other personalities they have thus far encountered in the
story in that he is not royalty, not of the noble cast, and not a
distinguished member of the Church. The farmer does not lead a lavish
life, he is not a man of means-- but he does have enough means. He has
some acreage of land, and he has a wife and children who work with him
to maintain this “garden”. This plot he sees as his lot in life-- not
riches and gold, nor titles nor fame, nor a quest for answers to the
great philosophical questions of morality and the existence of evil, of
the existence and purpose of God; only to keep at bay the three known
evils-- boredom, vice, and necessity- by spending his days cultivating his garden.
The last line of Candide (spoken by Candide),
“All that is well and good, but we must go and cultivate our garden.”
may
be interpreted from either an optimistic point-of-view or a pessimistic
one. Perhaps tilling the earth in the literal fashion, leading an
organic life and maintaining our attachment to the earth that begets
life is truly the way to happiness, satisfaction, or purpose. Or perhaps
the last line can be viewed as an extremely banal and trite conclusion
to a sweeping exploration of an influential philosophical paradigm. In
this pessimistic interpretation, the banality of the last line mirrors
the banality of life itself, that after all this searching and questing
for truth, for purpose, for meaning, it turns out that the joke is on us
for (a) thinking there was more to life than survival or (b) thinking
that even if there was a grand design or purpose, that we were part of
the elite, privileged crowd who could or would be allowed to comprehend
such a design or purpose, when in truth, we are no better than mice on a
ship, for whom the captain doesn’t give a damn.
All
this talk of purpose and design and gardening brings me to a bar in
West Philadelphia, where one night I went with some friends for a breast
cancer awareness benefit (or something). I ordered sweet potato fries
from the menu and it came in this cheap silver tin bucket along with a
ramekin of sweet and spicy mustard and another ramekin filled with
barbeque sauce. As the dinner coursed on, gardening came up and I
chatted on to my friends for a while about the book Candide
as I did above. As time ticked on and the sweet potato fries dwindled, a
strange attachment began to form between me and the cheap tin bucket.
Suddenly, I found that I wanted nothing more than to take that bucket
home and plant a little garden in it of my own. Would that be stealing?
“You can get the same thing from Target for under a dollar!”
“Yes, but it wouldn’t be my bucket. It didn’t hold my sweet potato fries.”
Sure
I was being irrational and saying stupid things just to say things-- as
I often do-- but as also often happens, my words began to take hold,
and by the end of the dinner, I really did love that little bucket more
than anything. I dreamed at the table of what sort of flora I could
plant into it-- flowers or herbs? I took a sheet of “Where the Wild
Things Are” stickers that my friend had on hand for the event and
plastered my bucket with childish images of monsters on swings and
children pretending to be monsters. Already, it was like a child to me.
How quickly and easily meaning and attachments are formed!
I
stashed my tin baby in a plastic sack along with my leftovers and
brought it home with me that night. It spent the night on the kitchen
counter unwashed, still reeking of the oils from the deep-fried potato
cuts.
Two
days later, I gave my bucket its first cleaning with orange-scented
Dawn dish soap. It maintained its tarnished image and its stickers, but
was relieved of the grease. I set it upside down on a paper towel to
dry.
Two
nights later, as I ambled through the city streets, on my way home from
work, I felt myself seized by the balmy night air so unusual for the
month of April, and by the beautiful blooms that hung heavily from the
branches that not a month ago and for months before that had stood
stripped of life, barren, skinny and wanting. I passed under the eaves
of a large cherry blossom tree bursting with miniature pale pink
bouquets and thought of my bucket. Half a block later, I doubled back to
the tree, reached up and plucked one of the miniature bouquets from one
of the thick stems branching out of the mother trunk.
“Don’t kill the flowers!”
I
whipped my head around and caught a glimpse of the soothsayer in the
dark as he flashed by on his bike. His words trailed behind him. I
looked down at the flowers I had just plucked. Already a flurry of
petals had been shaken from their fragile attachments and laid
a-scattered on the sidewalk.
What
remained of the bouquet ended up in my bucket shortly thereafter. I
decided the following that evening as I stood back and admired my bucket
now dressed to the nines in princess pink: the contents of my little
bucket would change perpetually and unexpectedly, depending on nothing
in particular and with no particular timeline. It would be a bucket of
whims; it would not be your average potted plant.
…..................................................
Wednesday, April 27, 2011
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